Ihame rifatika ryinyundi 3 zuburyo bwo gutabara byihutirwa nibibazo byo kumenya

Filime ya Fujisj yahoraga ifite akamaro cyane ku kibazo cy'umutekano wa Lift, kandi uyu munsi tuzasesengura kandi tuganira ku buryo bwo gutabara byihutirwa bishobora gufatwa mu gihe cya Lilevator Consu

1 ukoresheje intoki zo gusohora ibikoresho byo gutabara
1.1 Ihame rifatika ryo kurekura igikoresho cyo gukiza
Igikoresho cyo gusohora intoki ni ugukingura feri unyuze kurekura imodoka kugirango imodoka igenda gahoro gahoro kugeza kumwanya wo kugera kuntego. Intambwe Zibikoresho Zikoresheje Imashini ni: Guhagarika Imbaraga Zihinduranya, Shyira ahabigenewe Imodoka Yumukono umuryango n'imodoka y'imodoka yo gutabara umuntu wafashwe. Kubintu byimashini-Imashini, Igikoresho cyo gutakaza insinga kiremereye ku irembo ryibintu bya feri na feri (reba Ishusho 1).

Kuri lift idafite icyumba cyimashini gifite ibikoresho byo gutabara gusa, intambwe yo gukora Kutwika mugihe imbaraga za lift zidahagaritswe), hanyuma ufungure imiryango n'inzugi zimodoka iyo imodoka igera kurwego rwo gutabara abantu bafatiwe. Iyo imodoka igera kurwego rwurwego, fungura hasi kandi urugi rwimodoka kugirango ukize abantu bafashwe. Niba bibaye ko uburemere bwuruhande rwimodoka hamwe nimpande zingana naki gihe, gutabarwa birashobora gukorwa muri ubu buryo nyuma yo kuringaniza byacitse hamwe nubufasha bwo hanze [1].
1.2 Ibibazo bigomba kwishyurwa mugihe ukoresheje ibikoresho byo gusohora intoki
Duhereye ku isesengura ryavuzwe haruguru, birashobora kugaragara ko igikoresho cyo gutabara intoki kuri lift hamwe nibyumba bya mashini bisaba ibibata bibiri muri rusange gufatanya. Kuri lift nta byumba by'imashini, imbaraga zisabwa kugirango uzamure ikirekura Ubusanzwe, kandi iyo itandukaniro ryiburemere hagati yimodoka hamwe nimbeba ryinshi, lift ikunda kunyerera niba idakoreshwa neza cyangwa idakora ubuhanga. Urwego rwihuse ntirugerageza gusa ubushobozi bwumwuga kubatabazi, ariko nanone gutera ubwoba bwo mumitekerereze kugirango abantu bafate.
Ibikoresho 2 bya feri
2.1 Ihame ryibikoresho byo gutakaza amashanyarazi
Inkeragutabara zirekuye ku irembo risanzwe mu kwishyuza bateri, imbaraga zingirakamaro zikoreshwa binyuze mu bikorwa bya buto y'ibikoresho kugirango ugere ku bikoresho by'irembo ryamashanyarazi. Igikoresho cyamashanyarazi kirekuye muri rusange kirimo buto eshatu: Tangira, imbaraga na rubanda. Intangiriro na buto rusange birashobora gukanda mugihe kimwe kugirango umenye irekurwa ryakarere kitari irembo, kandi buto yo ku gahato na rubanda irashobora gukanda mugihe kimwe kugirango tumenye kurekurwa kw'irembo ry'akarere. Ihame ryo gushyira mubikorwa ryerekanwe ku gishushanyo cya 2.

Igikoresho cyo gutabara cya feri gikemutse muri rusange koresha amatsinda abiri ya DC Amashanyarazi: Itsinda rimwe niryo voka urekuye, hamwe na bz +. Irindi tsinda ni 24v, rikoreshwa mukarere k'inzu ya feri ya feri ya feri kandi idashobora gukoreshwa kubindi bikoresho byamazu. Inzira yo gutabara ni izi zikurikira: Iyo imbaraga zingirakamaro zaciwe, urugi rwa LALCAL COIL EPB yafunzwe, hanyuma ifumbire yimodoka yafunzwe, hanyuma ifumbire yimodoka yafunzwe, hanyuma ifumbire yimodoka irafunzwe, hanyuma ifumbire yumuryango hamwe nintoki zifatanije ninzira ya 110V dC voltage Bz + ~ bz-, coil ihabwa imbaraga kandi iratsinda imbaraga zisoko kumenya irekurwa ryirembo. Iyo imodoka igeze aho aringaniye, ikimenyetso kiringaniye kigira akamaro kandi cya diode isohora urumuri, muri iki gihe imodoka igera ku mwanya uringaniye, umutabazi afungura umuryango n'imodoka yo gutabara abantu bafatiwe.
2.2 Ibibazo bigomba kwitondera mugihe ukoresheje igikoresho cyamashanyarazi
Duhereye ku isesengura ryavuzwe haruguru, birashobora kugaragara ko hari ibisabwa bibiri kubikorwa byiza byirembo ryamashanyarazi. (1) Gutakaza imbaraga zingirakamaro; (2) Urugi rwurugi n'inzu yimodoka bari muri leta ifunze. Nasanze mu bugenzuzi no kugenzura, lift iyo yahagaritswe ku mbaraga, umuryango w'imodoka uzahita ufungura icyuho cya 3cm, icyuho kizahita gifunga nyuma y'imyenda. Nyuma, wasangaga ko imashini ifunga imashini yimodoka ifite ibikoresho byo kwitwara hepfo, kandi impeshyi ihita ifungura umuryango wimodoka nyuma yububasha bwo gutakaza icyuho. Duhereye kubintu runaka, iki gishushanyo cyuruganda gishobora gufatwa nkibintu byo gutabara no kwitabarwa nabantu bafatiwe mumodoka, ariko hariho ibyago 2: (1) ibyago byo gusara. Niba umuntu wafashwe mumodoka agerageza gutoranya urugi rwimodoka iyo abonye icyuho, niba filevator ihita ibona imbaraga, urugi rwimodoka ruzavunitse umuntu wafashwe mumodoka; . Abenshi mu mashanyarazi menshi arekuye amashanyarazi yavuganye n'umwanditsi ni hanze ku rugi rw'umuryango, ibyo ni ukuvuga ko umuryango wafashwe ku mashanyarazi, kugira ngo uhagarike umutekano w'irembo, kugira ngo uhagarike umutekano ku mashanyarazi, kugira ngo abende ku mutekano w'irembo, kugira ngo abeho ku mutekano w'irembo, kugira ngo abende ku mutekano w'irembo, kugira ngo abende ku mutekano w'irembo, kugira ngo abende ku bakozi bafashwe amashanyarazi, ndetse no kurinda abakozi b'imigenzo yafashwe mu rugero runaka. Niba uburemere bwimodoka hamwe nimpande zingana, imbaraga zo hanze ziracyakenewe kugirango uhagarike uburimbane kugirango ugere ku gutabarwa, kurugero, gutabara, gutabara igihe cyo kongerwaho ku gisenge cy'imodoka.
Gutabarwa 3 hamwe nigikoresho cyo gukora ibikorwa byikora
3.1 Ihame ryo gutabara byikora
Iyo imbaraga zingirakamaro ari ibisanzwe, igikoresho cyo gutabara mu buryo bwikora kiri muri leta yo gukurikirana voltage yinzozi zamashanyarazi; Iyo lift yatakaje imbaraga cyangwa icyiciro, izahita ishyira mubikorwa hamwe nububasha kuri lift, izakoresha imodoka kurwego rwurwego rwo gutabara no gutwara umuryango wimodoka no kurekura abantu bafatiwe. Igikoresho cyo gutabara mu buryo bwikora muri rusange gishyirwaho ubwitonzi bwa lift kandi nedupts ishusho ya modular hamwe na module yubatswe hamwe na regifier module na module hamwe na module bihuye hagati yabo. Ihame ryayo rikora ni rikurikira: Iyo imbaraga zingirakamaro zisanzwe, igice cyubatswe cyo gutabara mu buryo bwikora cyohereza ibisanzwe, kandi bateri ihita ishyuzwa ibisanzwe, kandi bateri ihita ibazwa ibisanzwe, kandi bateri ihita ibazwa ibisanzwe, kandi bateri ihita ibazwa ibisanzwe, kandi bateri ihita yishyuza ibisanzwe, kandi bateri ihita ibazwa ibisanzwe, kandi bateri ihita ibazwa ibisanzwe, kandi bateri ihita ibazwa ibisanzwe, kandi bateri ihita ibazwa ibisanzwe, kandi bateri ihita ibazwa ibisanzwe, kandi bateri ihita ibazwa ibisanzwe, kandi bateri ihita ibazwa ibisanzwe, kandi bateri ihita ishinga amategeko yo kurinda umutekano nko muri iki gihe, voltage. Niba imodoka itari ahantu hashyizwe mu nzego, mu karere kwubatswe no gukosora bizatanga imbaraga ku bakozi bashinzwe, imashini igenzura uruganda na feri ifata umuzunguruko, kandi imodoka izatangira; Iyo gahunda yo kumenya ibikoresho byo gutabara mu buryo bwikora imenya ko imodoka yiruka kumwanya uringaniye, sisitemu yo kugenzura imashini izatangira gukora no kumuryango wimodoka no mumuryango wimodoka no mumuryango hasi uzafungura icyarimwe kugirango urekure abantu bafashwe. Iyo sisitemu yo kumenya ibikoresho byo gutabara mu buryo bwikora imenya ko imodoka yiruka kumwanya wa hasi, sisitemu yo kugenzura imashini itangira gukora no kumuryango wimodoka na etage yumuryango ufunguye icyarimwe kurekura abantu bafatiwe. Ihame ryakazi ryerekanwa ku gishushanyo cya 3.

Ibikurikira nurugero rwikirango cyibikoresho byo gutabara byikora kugirango ugaragaze ishyirwa mubikorwa ryihariye. Schematike yacyo yerekanwe ku gishushanyo cya 4. Iyo grid yo hanze yatakaye, igenzura ryimbere rizamenya imbaraga zingenzi zo hanze kugirango zigere kuri 3s 380v AC ibisohoka kuri lift igenzura Inama y'Abaminisitiri binyuze mu gice cy'akarere. Ihinduka ryigunga imbere muri rusange Inama y'Abaminisitiri izagabanya 380v kugeza 220v na 110v kugeza gutanga imbaraga ku rugi rw'umuzunguruko n'umuzunguruko ufashe. Niba umuzenguruko wa feri ari DC ikoreshwa, igice cya Rectifier kigomba kongerwaho (niba feri ifite ingufu za feri yigenga kandi ifite module yigenga kandi ifite module yigenga kandi ifite module yigenga kandi ifite module yicwa, ishami rikuru ridakenewe). Nyuma yimikorere yavuzwe haruguru irangiye, umuzenguruko ugenzura wa Licovator uzafata imikorere ya Lift ukurikije ibimenyetso byimodoka, hanyuma utware umuryango wimodoka gahoro gahoro, hanyuma utware umuryango ufunguye buhoro, bityo utware hasi kugirango ukingure, bityo utware umuryango ufunguye, bityo utware hasi kugirango ufungure, bityo ukirukane hasi kugirango ufungure. Iyo amashanyarazi yo hanze yagaruwe, icyiciro gikurikirana relay kizakorwa mubisanzwe, kandi igikoresho cyo gutabara mu buryo bwikora ntikizakora muri grid ishyigikiye imbohe hamwe namakimbirane hagati yingufu za grid. Irashobora kandi kuboneka kuva ku gishushanyo cya 4 ko amapaki ya 48v atanga gusa voltage gusa kuri inverter, ariko kandi itanga imbaraga 24v DC ikorwa ryimbere imbere.

3.2 Ingingo zo kugenzura ibikoresho byo gutabara byikora nibibazo kugirango umenye
Nk'uko byavuzwe TSG T7001-2009 Shyira mubikorwa byo gutabara nyuma yo gutegereza byibuze 3s kugirango imbaraga zinaniwe gride yo hanze, lift zikora urwego kandi zifungura umuryango; . .
Ibyavuzwe haruguru (1) na (4) biroroshye, kandi (2) kunanirwa kw'amashanyarazi gutegereza birashobora gushyirwaho no guhinduka. Icy'ingenzi ni ingingo (3), iyo guhinduranya nyamukuru byahagaritswe igikoresho cyo gutabara mu buryo bwikora ntigishobora gukorwa, ni ukuvuga igikoresho cyo gutabara mu buryo bwikora nikikorwa cyihutirwa munsi yububasha bwo hanze Gride. Nasanze kandi muburyo bwo kugenzura mbere ya lift mugihe ibintu nyamukuru byahagaritswe, ibikoresho byo gutabara mu buryo bwikora bizahita biruka kurwego rwo murwego no gukingura urugi, birumvikana ko utujuje ibisabwa n'amategeko agenga ubugenzuzi. Mubugenzuzi bugomba kuboneka kugirango ugabanye ibintu byingenzi byumuzunguruko, ariko akenshi uvunika mugenzurwa nuko kumena umuzunguruko muri rusange, kandi no kumena amashanyarazi muri make yo guhinduranya Kuri ibi bihe, birasabwa kongeramo ikizamini cya auxiliary hagati yurwego rwo hejuru rwumuzunguruko hamwe nimico nyamukuru kugirango wirinde gucamo ibice byo hejuru byumuzunguruko [4].
Kuva kuri lift inganda ibikoresho byikora ibikoresho byo gutabara byikora ntabwo ari ibigize umutekano, ku ya 1 Nyakanga 19-2022 "ubwoko bw'ibizamini bya Elevator" nabwo ntabwo bwabishyize mu kizamini cy'ubwoko. Umwanditsi yemera ko ibisabwa muri iki gihe igikoresho cyo gutabara mu buryo bwikora gishobora kwerekeza ku bisabwa kuri Lilevance Bypass, nk'igihugu cy'urugi n'inzu y'imodoka mu gihe cyo gukora neza. Isesengura ryavuzwe haruguru kandi ryerekana ko imiterere yumuryango n'imodoka yimodoka ari ngombwa mu mutekano w'ibikorwa byo gutabara, bityo amabwiriza agomba gukorwa. Vuba kugirango ushyirwe mubikorwa GB / T 7588.1-2020 "Kode yumutekano kuri Elevator Inganda Zihuriweho nigikoresho cya kabiri cyimikorere, Imbaraga Zikurikiranye Zimbere Kumwanya wa Lift
UMWANZURO
Gutabarwa byihutirwa ni imikorere yo gutabara mu mirimo ikabije, hamwe n'ibice byo gukora, gukoresha ibikoresho bitatu byo gutabara byashyizwe mu bikorwa byo kunoza umutekano w'imikorere n'ubuziranenge; Ibice byo kubungabunga bigomba gushimangira isura n'imikorere imikorere y'ibikoresho byo gutabara kugira ngo feri idahwitse igomba gufatwa n'ishami rishinzwe gufata neza no gukora akazi keza ko gukora ibikorwa byo gutabara.
Nkumugenzuzi wa lift, dukwiye gukurikiza ibisabwa n'amategeko, kandi icyarimwe, dukwiye gushimangira ubushakashatsi nimyitozo ngororamubiri, kugirango duhuze ibitekerezo nibibazo kandi dukemure ibibazo byinteko rusange.

[1] Zhou Xi. Ubushakashatsi ku bugenzuzi bwa Lift Automatic Retable Reperatic Igikoresho cyakazi [j]. Ubushinwa Lilevator, 2021.32 (21): 39-40,59.
[2] Yang Isi. Ihame ryakazi ryimiyoboro rusange ryikora ryita ku kazi no kugenzura [j]. Ubushinwa Lilevator, 2020,31 (14): 40-42.
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[4] Wang Chao. Ikiganiro ku ihame no kugenzura ingingo z'imashini zisanzwe zifite amashini-kashe zashize ibikoresho byo gutabara byihutirwa [j]. Ubushinwa ibikoresho bidasanzwe umutekano, 2020, 36 (7): 61-65, 70.

Gusubiramo: Iyi ngingo yasohotse mu kinyamakuru The Lizator Ikinyamakuru Cyishinwa, No 14, 2022
Umwanditsi: Shen Shuli, Sheng Yiqian, Dai Yang, Diai Dawei / Ishami rya Suqian, Ikigo cya Jiagsu, Ishuri Rikururwa ry'ibikoresho byihariye